2021 Nobel Prize Winners

Chemistry

Benjamin List

for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis

David W.C. MacMillan

for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis

Economic Sciences

David Card

for his empirical contributions to labour economics

Joshua D. Angrist

for their methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationships

Guido W. Imbens

for their methodological contributions to the analysis of causal relationships

Literature

Abdulrazak Gurnah

for his uncompromising and compassionate penetration of the effects of colonialism and the fate of the refugee in the gulf between cultures and continents

Peace

Maria Ressa

for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace

Dmitry Andreyevich Muratov

for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace

Physics

Syukuro Manabe

for the physical modelling of Earth’s climate, quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming

Klaus Hasselmann

for the physical modelling of Earth’s climate, quantifying variability and reliably predicting global warming

Giorgio Parisi

for the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales

Physiology or Medicine

David Julius

for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch

Ardem Patapoutian

for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch