1961 Nobel Prize Winners

Chemistry

Melvin Calvin

for his research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants

Literature

Ivo Andrić

for the epic force with which he has traced themes and depicted human destinies drawn from the history of his country

Peace

Dag Hjalmar Agne Carl Hammarskjöld

for developing the UN into an effective and constructive international organization, capable of giving life to the principles and aims expressed in the UN Charter

Physics

Robert Hofstadter

for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons

Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer

for his researches concerning the resonance absorption of gamma radiation and his discovery in this connection of the effect which bears his name

Physiology or Medicine

Georg von Békésy

for his discoveries of the physical mechanism of stimulation within the cochlea