1956 Nobel Prize Winners

Chemistry

Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood

for their researches into the mechanism of chemical reactions

Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov

for their researches into the mechanism of chemical reactions

Literature

Juan Ramón Jiménez

for his lyrical poetry, which in Spanish language constitutes an example of high spirit and artistical purity

Peace

Physics

William Bradford Shockley

for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect

John Bardeen

for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect

Walter Houser Brattain

for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect

Physiology or Medicine

André Frédéric Cournand

for their discoveries concerning heart catheterization and pathological changes in the circulatory system

Werner Forssmann

for their discoveries concerning heart catheterization and pathological changes in the circulatory system

Dickinson W. Richards

for their discoveries concerning heart catheterization and pathological changes in the circulatory system