François Mauriacfor the deep spiritual insight and the artistic intensity with which he has in his novels penetrated the drama of human life
Albert Schweitzerfor his altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work which has helped making the idea of brotherhood between men and nations a living one
Felix Blochfor their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith
Edward Mills Purcellfor their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith
Selman Abraham Waksmanfor his discovery of streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective against tuberculosis